ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Iranian physicians and nurses are not aware of the total extent of HB vaccination, as the most effective way of preventing HBV infection. The current review study aimed at determining the extent of HB vaccination in these two groups
Materials and Methods: The current study was done on the basis of received information from Magiran, Iran medex, IranDoc, SID, Medlib and international databases including Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, Science Direct and also Google Scholar searching motor between . 1993 and 2015, using standard key words. Searching and extraction of data was independently done by two . reviewers. Then, the reviewed articles that had the inclusion criteria were studied. The obtained data was analyzed by means of random effect model and meta-analyses method, using Stata software [Ver:11.1]
Results: A total of 4104 subjects were studied in 16 articles. . Hepatitis B vaccination history in physicians and nurses were 88.7% [CI: 95%: 81.4-96] and 93.5% [CI: 95%: 65.3-86.7], respectively. Hepatitis B vaccination coverage of physicians and nurses was estimated to be 73.1 % [ CI: 95%: 53.2-92.9] and 76% [CI: 95%: 65.3-86.7], respectively. The relationship between hepatitis B vaccinations coverage with the year of study in physicians was not statistically significant [P=0.146]. But, in nurses this relationship was significant [P=0.016]
Conclusion: The obtained results show in spite of the fact that approximately two-thirds of physicians and nurses have their complete vaccination plan this fraction is far from an ideal state and it requires to be
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to analyze antimicrobial resistance patterns and their encoding genes and genotypic diversity of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from burn patients in Tehran, Iran. The presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- and bla[OXA]-encoding genes among 37 multidrug resistant [MDR] A. baumannii strains isolated from patients hospitalized in a teaching hospital in Tehran was evaluated. Susceptibility to 7 antibiotics was tested by disk agar diffusion and to polymyxin B and colistin was tested by E-test, according to CLSI guidelines. All isolates were then analyzed by PCR for the presence of bla[IMP],bla[VIM], bla[SIM] bla[OXA-23], bla[OXA-24], and bla[OXA-58]-like carbapenemase genes, and bla[OXA-51] like, bla[TEM],bla[SHV], bla[PER], bla[VEB], and bla[GIM] genes. Genotyping of A. baumannii strains was performed by repetitive sequence-based [REP]-PCR and cluster analysis of REP-PCR profiles. A. baumannii isolates were assigned to international clones by multiplex PCR sequence group analysis. Twenty-five A. baumannii isolates were classified as MDR, and 12 were classified as extensively drug resistant. All isolates were susceptible to colistin and polymyxin B. Eighty-one percent of the isolates was resistant to imipenem or meropenem and harbored at least one or both of the bla[OXA-23]-like or bla[OXA-24]-like carbapenemase genes. Co-existence of different resistance genes was found among carbapenem-resistant isolates. Multiplex PCR sequence group analysis most commonly assigned A. baumannii isolates to international clones I [18/37; 48.6%] and II [18/37; 48.6%]. An alarming increase in resistance to carbapenems and the spread of bla[OXA-23]-like and/or bla[OXA-24]-like carbapenemase genes was observed among A. baumannii strains belonging to clonal lineages I and II, isolated from burn patients in Tehran